The V-groove is the most commonly used groove shape for pipe welding. Which choice best reflects this fact?

• A. Single bevel-groove
• B. V-groove
• C. U-groove
• D. J-groove

Answer: (B)

In pipe welding, the V-groove is favored because its symmetrical bevel creates a predictable root opening that allows controlled penetration and consistent weld profiles across a range of wall thicknesses. The V shape gives easy access for the GTAW electrode to the root from the top and sides, enabling a clean root pass and reliable filler passes without excessive heat input or distortion. It strikes a practical balance between ease of edge preparation, good root penetration, and straightforward welding technique, making it versatile for many pipe sizes. Other groove shapes exist, but they often complicate root access, can trap slag, or require more precise fit-up or higher heat to reach full penetration, which is why the V-groove is commonly chosen.